खनन और खनिज उद्योगों में पर्यावरणीय स्थिरता विषय पर विशेषज्ञों का मंथन पर्यावरणीय स्थिरता मानव समाज के निरन्तर अस्तित्व, समृद्धि और स्वास्थ्य के लिए मूलभूत शर्त है। हमारी न्यू जनरेशन को स्पीड और टेक्नोलॉजी पर ध्यान केंद्रित करना होगा ताकि भविष्य को सुनहरा बनाया जा सके। उक्त विचार मुख्य अतिथि श्री एमपी सिंह, प्रधान मुख्य अभियंता, केंद्रीय विद्युत प्राधिकरण विद्युत मंत्रालय भारत सरकार, नई दिल्ली ने व्यक्त किए श्री सिंह भूपाल नोबल्स स्नातकोत्तर महाविद्यालय में भूविज्ञान विभाग द्वारा "खनन और खनिज उद्योगों में पर्यावरणीय स्थिरता" विषय पर आयोजित दो दिवसीय राष्ट्रीय कॉन्फ्रेंस के समापन पर बोल रहे थे। दो दिवसीय राष्ट्रीय कान्फ्रेंस का भव्य समापन सम्मानित अतिथि प्रो विनोद अग्रवाल सदस्य, भारत सरकार नई दिल्ली स्थित MOEFCC की विशेषज्ञ मूल्यांकन समिति, (सि एण्ड टीपी) अपने उद्बोधन में कहा कि पर्यावरण स्थिरता सरकार और समाज दोनों की जिम्मेदारी है। वर्तमान में खनन उद्योग विभिन्न प्रावधानों एवं कानूनों के तहत कार्य कर रहा है ताकि पर्यावरण को सुरक्षित रखा जा सके। आयोजन सचिव डॉ. हेमंत सेन न...
Thomson’s parabola method
Positive ray analysis
- This method is used to find the charge to mass ratio.
Thomson parabola method
- T = Discharge tube, the pressure of gas in this tube is kept 0.01 mm of Hg
- E = Capillary tube
- C = Cathode, which is perforated with an extremely small holes
- W = Water jacket, used to cool the cathode
- A and B = Metallic plates, the electric field is applied between these plates
- N and S = North and south poles of a heavy magnet
- K = Highly evacuated camera
- P = Photographic plate
- R = Liquid air trap, used to keep the pressure in K quite low
Working
- To ensure the supply of the gas, a steady steam of the gas is allowed to pass through E and after circulating the tube, it is escaped through M.
- The positive ion produced in T move towards C.
- The ion which reaches C axially. pass through its fine hole in the form of narrow beam.
- After crossing C, the parallel beam of ions enters into the electric and magnetic field.
- The electric field is perpendicular to the direction of ions.
- After it the beam enters into K and finally it is received on P.
- When the photographic plate P is exposed, we get a series of parabolas.
Theory
- Let m, q and v are mass, charge and velocity of positive ions respectively.
- When no field is applied, then these ions will strike at point O.
- Here O is undeflected spot.
Action of electric field (E)
- Let l = length of path of positive ions over which the electric field is applied.
- Force on particle due to electric field E, Fe = qE
- Now, acceleration on particle, a = qE / m
- Time taken by particle to cross electric field, t = l / v
- Since u = 0, and a = qE / m, therefore
- Displacement of particle
- After crossing E, the ion moves in a straight line, and strikes at a point on photographic plate, which is at a distance x from O
Action of magnetic field (B)
- Let the magnetic field B is applied in the same direction as E and over the same length l.
- Due to magnetic field, the positive ions will deflect, but their deflection will be at right angle to the deflection of ions due to electric field.
- Let due to B, the positive ions strikes the plate at a distance y from O, and OY ⊥ OX.
∵ a՛ = Fm / m
∴ a՛ = qvB / m
- Displacement
Action of combined electric (E) and magnetic field (B)
- For it we eliminate v from x and y.
- If E and B are kept at a constant value, and if q/m is constant, then
- This is equation of parabola. It means the motion of a charged particle in electromagnetic field will be parabolic in nature.
- Since the equation of y2 / x is independent of v, so the particle of same q/m, but of different v will fall on the different points of same parabola.
- The position of any individual particle will depend on v.
- The entire parabola is a velocity dispersion or a velocity spectrum.
- Since this equation depends on q/m, so the ions of different q/m will lie along the different parabola.
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