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चार महीने का बच्चा कैसे बना अरब़पति

चार महीने का बच्चा कैसे बना अरब़पति? जन्म के सिर्फ चार माह बाद यदि कोई बच्चा अरबपति बन जाए तो इसे उसकी किस्मत ही कहेंगे। भारत के एकाग्रह रोहन मूर्ति नाम के बच्चे की किस्मत कुछ इसी प्रकार चमकी है। देश की दूसरी सबसे बड़ी आइटी कम्पनी इंफोसिस के फाउंडर नारायण मूर्ति ने सोमवार अपने चार महीने के पोते एकाग्रह मूर्ति को 240 करोड़ रूपए के शेयरों की हिस्सेदारी का तोहफा देकर उसे शायद देश का सबसे कम उम्र का अरबपति बना दिया है। BSE की फाइलिंग के अनुसार इंफोसिस में अब एकाग्रह रोहन की 15 लाख शेयरों की हिस्सेदारी हो गई है। इसका मतलब अब एकाग्रह रोहन इंफोसिस का 0.04% का हिस्सेदार है। शेयरों के स्थानान्तरण के बाद नारायण मूर्ति के पास कम्पनी के कुल शेयरों का 0.36% हिस्सा बचा है। जिस समय नारायण मूर्ति द्वारा अपने पोते को शेयर देने की खबर बाई उस समय इंफोसिस के शेयरों में गिरावट देखने को मिल रही थी। एकाग्रह रोहन, नारायण मूर्ति तथा सुधा मूर्ति के बेट रोहन मूर्ति और उनकी पत्नि अर्पणा कृष्णन का बेटा है। आपको यह पता होगा कि नोरायण मूर्ति ने अपनी पत्नि सुधा मूर्ति से 10 हजार रूपए उधार लेकर 1981 में इंफोसिस क
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Compton Effect | Quantum mechanics | Physical basis of quantum mechanics

Compton Effect (Quantum nature of light)

  • Compton effect was discovered by A.H. Compton.
  • When a beam of monochromatic X-rays of wavelength λ is scattered by a light element (carbon), then the scattered X-rays have maximum intensities at two wavelengths, one of them at the same wavelength λ and the other at slightly longer wavelength λ՛. This effect is known as Compton effect.
  • The difference in wavelength (λ - λ՛) is known as Compton shift.

Theory 


  • The energy of incident photon, E1 = hν
  • Momentum of incident photon, p1 = hν/c
  • This photon strikes with an electron at rest.

Before collision

  • Momentum of electron, p2 = 0
  • Energy of electron (rest mass energy), E2 = m0c2

After collision

  • The photon scattered from its original path by giving some of its kinetic energy to the electron and the electron recoils.
  • Energy of scattered photon, E1՛ = hν՛
  • Momentum of scattered photon, p1՛ = hν՛/c
  • The scattered photon move in a direction making an angle θ with the X-axis.
  • The energy of electron, E2՛ = mc2
  • Momentum of electron, p2՛ = mv
  • This electron moves in a direction making an angle ϕ with the X-axis.

From the law of conservation of energy

            E1 + E2 = E1՛ + E2՛

            hν + m0c2 = hν՛ + mc2

            mc2 = h (ν - ν՛) + m0c2

From the law of conservation of momentum 

  • Momentum along X-axis

  • Momentum along Y-axis
  • From relativistic formula
  • This is the change in wavelength of X-rays and is known as Compton shift in the wavelength of X-rays.
  • Here λc is Compton wavelength and its value is given by
  • λc = h / m0c = 0.0242Å

Conclusion

  • Compton shift is independent of the wavelength of the incident radiation and nature of the scattering substance.
  • It depends only on the scattering angle θ.

Special cases


  • It is the maximum value of Compton shift.

Experimental setup


Experimental setup of Compton effect

Relative intensities versus wavelength curve of Compton effect at different angles
  • The excellent agreement between the Compton shift obtained from Compton theory and the experimental results confirms that the elastic collision between a photon and an electron is just like an elastic collision between two particles.
  • The Compton effect proves the quantum theory (particle nature) of radiation.
  • To know more about Compton effect, please click on the link https://youtu.be/hwQaqo6Gwz4 and for bilingual lecture (Hindi/English) https://youtu.be/KNiPYOq274U
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